撒.贝.宁曾经“豪言”,
北大在他眼里就只是还行。
记得王.健.林第一次登台献唱,
身为亿万富翁唱的是《一无所有》。
克莱因瓶是一个不可定向的二维紧流形,而球面或轮胎面是可
克莱因瓶 克莱因瓶 定向的二维紧流形。如果观察克莱因瓶,有一点似乎令人困惑-- “67P/楚留莫夫-格拉希门克”彗星 [67] 在太
CHAPTER X. TOBACCO OFFERINGS. 1808. It was a beautiful moonlight evening
in August. A shadowy haze lingered over the river, which glistened and
sparkled in the moonlight. The Chief and several members of his family
were seated on the beach in front of the Wigwam listening to the
Honorable Joseph Papineau, who, with his son, Louis Joseph, had come up
in a canoe to see the falls. The former had recently purchased from
Bishop Laval the unsettled seigniory of Petit Nation, and had erected an
unpretentious cottage, which he occupied during the summer months. HON.
LOUIS JOSEPH PAPINEAU AND MADAME PAPINEAU. From Morgan's "Types of
Canadian Women" (copyright, 1903), by permission. HON. LOUIS JOSEPH
PAPINEAU AND MADAME PAPINEAU. From Morgan's "Types of Canadian Women"
(copyright, 1903), by permission. "It was a lovely vision," said Mr.
Papineau, who had just performed the feat of canoeing to the foot of the
Chaudiere Falls for the first time. "On our return we climbed the
rugged cliff on the south side, and never shall I forget the panorama
that spread out before us. The sun, sinking slowly behind the Laurentian
hills, had clothed himself with a robe of splendor. The long
reflections lay soft on the waters of the river below. The clouds of
ascending mist from the Chaudiere took a thousand shades of color as the
western sky faded slowly from crimson into gold and from gold to green
and gray, and finally displayed dark shapes, out of which imagination
might well have formed a thousand monsters.* * Louis Joseph, afterwards
known as the Demosthenes of Canada, and who almost succ
一个真正有阅历的人,经历足够多的人,发现身边可以责怪的人越来越少,因为懂得,人人都有他的难处。一个朋友最近刚从从老家重新杀回广州。前段时间他妈妈病了,动了一次大手术。他回了一趟家,又回来了。回到广州后,他整个人都变了,变得和颜悦色,温柔平和。以前,他总非常鄙视那些从北上广背着包回家去的人。按照他的标准,那都是没能力在这座城市生存下去所以被抛弃的人,都是弱者、失败者。不管是出于什么原因,离开自己奋斗的地方,就是撤退,而撤退就是宣告自己无能。他的价值观也很硬,认为世界非黑即白,用成功和失败作为衡量人生的唯一价值尺度,认为成功者就应该站在领奖台上,万众瞩目,接受鲜花掌声;认为失败者就应该躲到角落里,暗自啜泣,接受自己和他人的责骂。他这次重回广州,话风完全不一样,不再那么充满鸡血,开始包容,对手下的人也没那么苛刻,不再要求他们一味地加班,甚至劝告他们多花些时间在家人和朋友身上。而对于那些准备从北上广撤退回家当公务员的朋友,他也不像以前,跳起来指着人家鼻子骂你个怂货,这么容易就认输了。他很真诚地跟别人说:“想清楚了吧,想清楚了就决定,每个人都有每个人的难处,毕竟只有你自己知道,什么才是最重要的。”
他说:“我现在越来越能理解我身边的人,理解他们的处境和选择。” 这一切改变源自一年前,他得到消息说母亲病了,而且非常严重,需要尽快手术。他匆匆请假回家陪着妈妈,他原本以为只要请几天假陪妈度过手术这段时间就可以回广州工作了,但是手术术后恢复周期实在太长,而且他看到他妈妈躺在病床上,实在不忍心一个人跑回广州去谈所谓的奋斗和成功。于是他心一横,辞职了,空档了将近一年,专门陪着他妈妈做手术、住院、出院,陪着在家唠嗑,出去旅游。在这一年里,他还遇到了很多之前在北上广打拼的朋友,了解他们在老家的生活,也知道了他们为什么最终选择了回家。 他想明白了很多事情。他说:“以前我妈妈没病的时候,我不懂那些回家照顾父母的人,我觉得他们是找借口,是失败,如果有钱,干嘛不找个保姆照顾呢?现在发现,父母真的是需要自己去照顾。”
“而且我最近也在思考,父母、家庭、事业,究竟什么才是最重要的,不同的人选择不同,会有不同的人生,而这些选择,其实都应该是没有失败的。人,其实只有经历以后,才会懂得。”
人生的确即是如此,只有真正经历过很多事情之后,我们才会站在更高的维度去看待这个世界,而不是很单纯地用自己私人的视角去苛责别人,去评判世界。同样的情况,也常常发生在我们对父母的理解上。最近,看到一位母亲写的文章,她说:“以前妈妈总是让我做这做那,让我注意这个注意那个,那个时候我总是很不耐烦,觉得她啰嗦,总是责怪她。现在自己当了妈,才知道她当时的处境、想法。就像我妈经常说的,孩子,等你当了妈你就知道了。”
是的,年轻时,我们总是觉得与父母隔阂甚重。觉得他们思想陈旧,观念老套,跟不上新的时代,难以与他们沟通。甚至,我们还会觉得他们反倒成了成长路上的拦路虎。那个时候,不太懂得家这个概念,只想着自己,想着未来,想着长大。后来,自己求学工作,结婚生子,把当年父母经历的那些阶段和事情都重新经历了一遍,这才慢慢长大,有所感悟。当你成家了以后,你就会发现,需要考虑的事情,考虑的问题很多,家庭收入、家人健康、孩子成长、孩子教育等等,你就会开始懂得当初父母的那些话,做的那些事。也许你现在正在喋喋不休责怪你的父母;也许你现在正在责怪身边的朋友同事,责怪他们为什么不能坚持,为什么放弃,为什么做出这样的选择,等等。但是等你经历了一些事情之后,你终究会明白他们。你也会懂得,生活,其实没有一个简单的标准,任何用成败来评判他人的人,都很简单粗暴,也非常幼稚。一个真正成熟的人,一个真正有所经历的人,会发现身边可以责怪的人越来越少,因为他越来越明白,人人都有他的难处,所以越来越能理解别人。eeded
in making Canada a Republic, with himself as President, was evidently
much impressed with the scene, which he described as follows: "Le soleil
etait pret decendre sous l'horison, la mureille tout limpide etait
d'une transparence vivre, tout penetree de lumiere vaguement
prismatiseé." "As we watched the gathering shadows my thoughts went back
two hundred years, to the time when Champlain went on his first trip up
the 'Riviere des Algoumequins,' as he called it. About two years before
he took the trip he sent Nicholas de Vignan, a young Frenchman, up the
river with some friendly Indians, and Nicholas had returned with the
marvellous story that he had reached the North Sea. He said that the
journey could be made in a few days. He also gave an account of having
seen the wreck of an English ship. "Champlain was completely taken in,
and lost no time in starting off to verify the discovery for which the
world had been looking for some time. His fleet consisted of two canoes
with two Indians and three Frenchmen, one of whom was De Vignan. It was
in May, when the river was at its height. When they reached the Gatineau
the Indians told him that their tribe were often compelled to conceal
themselves amid the hills of the Upper Gatineau from their dreaded
enemies, the Iroquois. When Champlain beheld the twin curtain falls
yonder, 'like a slow dropping veil of the thinnest lawn,' he exclaimed,
'Le Rideau! Le Rideau!' The Indians told him that the waters formed an
arcade under which they delighted to walk, and where they were only wet
by the spray. As they rounded t
一个真正有阅历的人,经历足够多的人,发现身边可以责怪的人越来越少,因为懂得,人人都有他的难处。一个朋友最近刚从从老家重新杀回广州。前段时间他妈妈病了,动了一次大手术。他回了一趟家,又回来了。回到广州后,他整个人都变了,变得和颜悦色,温柔平和。以前,他总非常鄙视那些从北上广背着包回家去的人。按照他的标准,那都是没能力在这座城市生存下去所以被抛弃的人,都是弱者、失败者。不管是出于什么原因,离开自己奋斗的地方,就是撤退,而撤退就是宣告自己无能。他的价值观也很硬,认为世界非黑即白,用成功和失败作为衡量人生的唯一价值尺度,认为成功者就应该站在领奖台上,万众瞩目,接受鲜花掌声;认为失败者就应该躲到角落里,暗自啜泣,接受自己和他人的责骂。他这次重回广州,话风完全不一样,不再那么充满鸡血,开始包容,对手下的人也没那么苛刻,不再要求他们一味地加班,甚至劝告他们多花些时间在家人和朋友身上。而对于那些准备从北上广撤退回家当公务员的朋友,他也不像以前,跳起来指着人家鼻子骂你个怂货,这么容易就认输了。他很真诚地跟别人说:“想清楚了吧,想清楚了就决定,每个人都有每个人的难处,毕竟只有你自己知道,什么才是最重要的。”
他说:“我现在越来越能理解我身边的人,理解他们的处境和选择。” 这一切改变源自一年前,他得到消息说母亲病了,而且非常严重,需要尽快手术。他匆匆请假回家陪着妈妈,他原本以为只要请几天假陪妈度过手术这段时间就可以回广州工作了,但是手术术后恢复周期实在太长,而且他看到他妈妈躺在病床上,实在不忍心一个人跑回广州去谈所谓的奋斗和成功。于是他心一横,辞职了,空档了将近一年,专门陪着他妈妈做手术、住院、出院,陪着在家唠嗑,出去旅游。在这一年里,他还遇到了很多之前在北上广打拼的朋友,了解他们在老家的生活,也知道了他们为什么最终选择了回家。他想明白了很多事情。他说:“以前我妈妈没病的时候,我不懂那些回家照顾父母的人,我觉得他们是找借口,是失败,如果有钱,干嘛不找个保姆照顾呢?现在发现,父母真的是需要自己去照顾。”
“而且我最近也在思考,父母、家庭、事业,究竟什么才是最重要的,不同的人选择不同,会有不同的人生,而这些选择,其实都应该是没有失败的。人,其实只有经历以后,才会懂得。”
人生的确即是如此,只有真正经历过很多事情之后,我们才会站在更高的维度去看待这个世界,而不是很单纯地用自己私人的视角去苛责别人,去评判世界。同样的情况,也常常发生在我们对父母的理解上。最近,看到一位母亲写的文章,她说:“以前妈妈总是让我做这做那,让我注意这个注意那个,那个时候我总是很不耐烦,觉得她啰嗦,总是责怪她。现在自己当了妈,才知道她当时的处境、想法。就像我妈经常说的,孩子,等你当了妈你就知道了。”
是的,年轻时,我们总是觉得与父母隔阂甚重。觉得他们思想陈旧,观念老套,跟不上新的时代,难以与他们沟通。甚至,我们还会觉得他们反倒成了成长路上的拦路虎。那个时候,不太懂得家这个概念,只想着自己,想着未来,想着长大。后来,自己求学工作,结婚生子,把当年父母经历的那些阶段和事情都重新经历了一遍,这才慢慢长大,有所感悟。当你成家了以后,你就会发现,需要考虑的事情,考虑的问题很多,家庭收入、家人健康、孩子成长、孩子教育等等,你就会开始懂得当初父母的那些话,做的那些事。也许你现在正在喋喋不休责怪你的父母;也许你现在正在责怪身边的朋友同事,责怪他们为什么不能坚持,为什么放弃,为什么做出这样的选择,等等。但是等你经历了一些事情之后,你终究会明白他们。你也会懂得,生活,其实没有一个简单的标准,任何用成败来评判他人的人,都很简单粗暴,也非常幼稚。一个真正成熟的人,一个真正有所经历的人,会发现身边可以责怪的人越来越少,因为他越来越明白,人人都有他的难处,所以越来越能理解别人。he
lofty headland opposite he saw the cloud of mist rising from the falls,
which the Indians called the 'Asticou,' which means 'Chaudiere' in
French, or 'kettle' in English, for the water has worn out a deep basin
into which it rushes with a whirling motion which boils up in the midst
like a kettle. "You have probably been close enough to have seen it,
Madame?" he said, addressing Mrs. Wright. "No," she replied, "I have
always been too timid to venture so near to it in a canoe." "Champlain
said," continued Mr. Papineau, "that he paddled as near as possible to
the falls, when the Indians took the canoes and the Frenchmen and
himself carried their arms and provisions. He described with great
feeling the sharp and rugged rocks of the portages to pass the falls and
rapids until at last, in the afternoon, they embarked upon the peaceful
waters of a lake where, he said, there were very beautiful islands
filled with vines and with walnut and other agreeable trees." "There are
no walnuts on the islands of Lake Chaudiere," interrupted Bearie, "I am
quite sure." "He probably saw a butternut tree," said young Louis
Joseph, "and thought it produced walnuts." "Champlain's journey came to
an abrupt close a few days afterwards," said Mr. Papineau, "when he
reached Allumette Island, about seventy miles farther up the river.
There was a large settlement of friendly Algonquins, called 'Les
Sauvages de l'Isle,' and Champlain tried to obtain several canoes and
guides to proceed farther. They, however, had their own commercial
reasons for keeping the French from the upper country, and they warned
him of the danger of meeting the terrible tribe of the Sorcerers.
Champlain said that De Vign
一个真正有阅历的人,经历足够多的人,发现身边可以责怪的人越来越少,因为懂得,人人都有他的难处。一个朋友最近刚从从老家重新杀回广州。前段时间他妈妈病了,动了一次大手术。他回了一趟家,又回来了。回到广州后,他整个人都变了,变得和颜悦色,温柔平和。以前,他总非常鄙视那些从北上广背着包回家去的人。按照他的标准,那都是没能力在这座城市生存下去所以被抛弃的人,都是弱者、失败者。不管是出于什么原因,离开自己奋斗的地方,就是撤退,而撤退就是宣告自己无能。他的价值观也很硬,认为世界非黑即白,用成功和失败作为衡量人生的唯一价值尺度,认为成功者就应该站在领奖台上,万众瞩目,接受鲜花掌声;认为失败者就应该躲到角落里,暗自啜泣,接受自己和他人的责骂。他这次重回广州,话风完全不一样,不再那么充满鸡血,开始包容,对手下的人也没那么苛刻,不再要求他们一味地加班,甚至劝告他们多花些时间在家人和朋友身上。而对于那些准备从北上广撤退回家当公务员的朋友,他也不像以前,跳起来指着人家鼻子骂你个怂货,这么容易就认输了。他很真诚地跟别人说:“想清楚了吧,想清楚了就决定,每个人都有每个人的难处,毕竟只有你自己知道,什么才是最重要的。”
他说:“我现在越来越能理解我身边的人,理解他们的处境和选择。” 这一切改变源自一年前,他得到消息说母亲病了,而且非常严重,需要尽快手术。他匆匆请假回家陪着妈妈,他原本以为只要请几天假陪妈度过手术这段时间就可以回广州工作了,但是手术术后恢复周期实在太长,而且他看到他妈妈躺在病床上,实在不忍心一个人跑回广州去谈所谓的奋斗和成功。于是他心一横,辞职了,空档了将近一年,专门陪着他妈妈做手术、住院、出院,陪着在家唠嗑,出去旅游。在这一年里,他还遇到了很多之前在北上广打拼的朋友,了解他们在老家的生活,也知道了他们为什么最终选择了回家。他想明白了很多事情。他说:“以前我妈妈没病的时候,我不懂那些回家照顾父母的人,我觉得他们是找借口,是失败,如果有钱,干嘛不找个保姆照顾呢?现在发现,父母真的是需要自己去照顾。”
“而且我最近也在思考,父母、家庭、事业,究竟什么才是最重要的,不同的人选择不同,会有不同的人生,而这些选择,其实都应该是没有失败的。人,其实只有经历以后,才会懂得。”
人生的确即是如此,只有真正经历过很多事情之后,我们才会站在更高的维度去看待这个世界,而不是很单纯地用自己私人的视角去苛责别人,去评判世界。同样的情况,也常常发生在我们对父母的理解上。最近,看到一位母亲写的文章,她说:“以前妈妈总是让我做这做那,让我注意这个注意那个,那个时候我总是很不耐烦,觉得她啰嗦,总是责怪她。现在自己当了妈,才知道她当时的处境、想法。就像我妈经常说的,孩子,等你当了妈你就知道了。”
是的,年轻时,我们总是觉得与父母隔阂甚重。觉得他们思想陈旧,观念老套,跟不上新的时代,难以与他们沟通。甚至,我们还会觉得他们反倒成了成长路上的拦路虎。那个时候,不太懂得家这个概念,只想着自己,想着未来,想着长大。后来,自己求学工作,结婚生子,把当年父母经历的那些阶段和事情都重新经历了一遍,这才慢慢长大,有所感悟。当你成家了以后,你就会发现,需要考虑的事情,考虑的问题很多,家庭收入、家人健康、孩子成长、孩子教育等等,你就会开始懂得当初父母的那些话,做的那些事。也许你现在正在喋喋不休责怪你的父母;也许你现在正在责怪身边的朋友同事,责怪他们为什么不能坚持,为什么放弃,为什么做出这样的选择,等等。但是等你经历了一些事情之后,你终究会明白他们。你也会懂得,生活,其实没有一个简单的标准,任何用成败来评判他人的人,都很简单粗暴,也非常幼稚。一个真正成熟的人,一个真正有所经历的人,会发现身边可以责怪的人越来越少,因为他越来越明白,人人都有他的难处,所以越来越能理解别人。an had
passed through all these dangers. The head Chief then said to the
impostor: "'Is it true that you have said that you have been among the
Sorcerers?' "After a long pause he said: 'Yes, I've been there.' "The
Indians at once threw themselves upon him with fierce cries as if they
would have torn him to pieces, and the Chief said: "'You are a bold
liar. You know that every night you slept by my side with my children.
How have you the impudence to tell your chief such lies?' "The upshot
was that Champlain returned down the Ottawa, followed by an escort of
fifty canoes. "When the party reached the Chaudiere the savages, he
said, performed their mystic rites. After having carried their canoes to
the foot of the Falls, they gathered in a certain spot where one of
them, provided with a wooden dish, passed it round, and each one placed
in the dish a piece of tobacco. "The collection finished, the dish was
placed in the midst of the band and all danced around it, chanting after
their fashion. Then one of the chiefs delivered a harangue, explaining
that from olden times they had always made such an offering, and that by
this means they are protected from their enemies and saved from
misfortune, for so the devil persuades them. Then the same chief took
the dish and proceeded to throw the tobacco into the Chaudiere, amid the
loud shoutings of the band. 'They are so superstitious,' said
Champlain, 'that they do not believe that they can make a safe journey
if they have not performed this ceremony in this particular place.' "The
Chief proceeded to throw the tobacco into the Chaudiere." "The Chief
proceeded to throw the tobacco into the Chaudiere." "Ah, Monsieur," Mr.
Papineau continued, "it stirred my soul as I stood on that roc
一个真正有阅历的人,经历足够多的人,发现身边可以责怪的人越来越少,因为懂得,人人都有他的难处。一个朋友最近刚从从老家重新杀回广州。前段时间他妈妈病了,动了一次大手术。他回了一趟家,又回来了。回到广州后,他整个人都变了,变得和颜悦色,温柔平和。以前,他总非常鄙视那些从北上广背着包回家去的人。按照他的标准,那都是没能力在这座城市生存下去所以被抛弃的人,都是弱者、失败者。不管是出于什么原因,离开自己奋斗的地方,就是撤退,而撤退就是宣告自己无能。他的价值观也很硬,认为世界非黑即白,用成功和失败作为衡量人生的唯一价值尺度,认为成功者就应该站在领奖台上,万众瞩目,接受鲜花掌声;认为失败者就应该躲到角落里,暗自啜泣,接受自己和他人的责骂。他这次重回广州,话风完全不一样,不再那么充满鸡血,开始包容,对手下的人也没那么苛刻,不再要求他们一味地加班,甚至劝告他们多花些时间在家人和朋友身上。而对于那些准备从北上广撤退回家当公务员的朋友,他也不像以前,跳起来指着人家鼻子骂你个怂货,这么容易就认输了。他很真诚地跟别人说:“想清楚了吧,想清楚了就决定,每个人都有每个人的难处,毕竟只有你自己知道,什么才是最重要的。”
他说:“我现在越来越能理解我身边的人,理解他们的处境和选择。” 这一切改变源自一年前,他得到消息说母亲病了,而且非常严重,需要尽快手术。他匆匆请假回家陪着妈妈,他原本以为只要请几天假陪妈度过手术这段时间就可以回广州工作了,但是手术术后恢复周期实在太长,而且他看到他妈妈躺在病床上,实在不忍心一个人跑回广州去谈所谓的奋斗和成功。于是他心一横,辞职了,空档了将近一年,专门陪着他妈妈做手术、住院、出院,陪着在家唠嗑,出去旅游。在这一年里,他还遇到了很多之前在北上广打拼的朋友,了解他们在老家的生活,也知道了他们为什么最终选择了回家。他想明白了很多事情。他说:“以前我妈妈没病的时候,我不懂那些回家照顾父母的人,我觉得他们是找借口,是失败,如果有钱,干嘛不找个保姆照顾呢?现在发现,父母真的是需要自己去照顾。”
“而且我最近也在思考,父母、家庭、事业,究竟什么才是最重要的,不同的人选择不同,会有不同的人生,而这些选择,其实都应该是没有失败的。人,其实只有经历以后,才会懂得。”
人生的确即是如此,只有真正经历过很多事情之后,我们才会站在更高的维度去看待这个世界,而不是很单纯地用自己私人的视角去苛责别人,去评判世界。同样的情况,也常常发生在我们对父母的理解上。最近,看到一位母亲写的文章,她说:“以前妈妈总是让我做这做那,让我注意这个注意那个,那个时候我总是很不耐烦,觉得她啰嗦,总是责怪她。现在自己当了妈,才知道她当时的处境、想法。就像我妈经常说的,孩子,等你当了妈你就知道了。”
是的,年轻时,我们总是觉得与父母隔阂甚重。觉得他们思想陈旧,观念老套,跟不上新的时代,难以与他们沟通。甚至,我们还会觉得他们反倒成了成长路上的拦路虎。那个时候,不太懂得家这个概念,只想着自己,想着未来,想着长大。后来,自己求学工作,结婚生子,把当年父母经历的那些阶段和事情都重新经历了一遍,这才慢慢长大,有所感悟。当你成家了以后,你就会发现,需要考虑的事情,考虑的问题很多,家庭收入、家人健康、孩子成长、孩子教育等等,你就会开始懂得当初父母的那些话,做的那些事。也许你现在正在喋喋不休责怪你的父母;也许你现在正在责怪身边的朋友同事,责怪他们为什么不能坚持,为什么放弃,为什么做出这样的选择,等等。但是等你经历了一些事情之后,你终究会明白他们。你也会懂得,生活,其实没有一个简单的标准,任何用成败来评判他人的人,都很简单粗暴,也非常幼稚。一个真正成熟的人,一个真正有所经历的人,会发现身边可以责怪的人越来越少,因为他越来越明白,人人都有他的难处,所以越来越能理解别人。ky
cliff and thought of how many canoes of heroic missionaries, Indian
braves and cheery voyageurs have paddled these waters and torn their
feet on the rocky shores, going, some of them to death and some to
tortures worse than death. As we drifted down with the current in the
moonlight the gentle breeze in the pines along the shore seemed to be
whispering sad tales of other days." Mr. Papineau, who had spoken with
such animation and fluency, relapsed into silence for several minutes,
then, rousing himself, said, with even greater enthusiasm and vigor:
"Providence has crowned our lives with great blessing since the heroic
Daulac struck the death-blow to the power of the Iroquois in this
country, and since the English undertook the responsibility of its
government. Though I am proud of the fact that every bone and muscle,
nerve and sinew within me is French, though I dearly love my Mother
Country and my fellow countrymen, I have no hesitation in making the
solemn assertion that our country has enjoyed a greater degree of
prosperity under the new regime than it ever did under the old. But it
must ever be remembered that much of the foundation of that prosperity
was laid in the blood of the early French martyrs and in the heroic
achievements of the early French settlers." It seemed incredible to the
visitors that in a settlement of so recent date their host should have
been able to show them a grist-mill, a saw-mill, a vegetable alkali
factory, a tannery, a small foundry, a tailor shop, a bakery, a general
store, and a hemp-mill, giving employment to over one hundred men.
Fortunately for the pioneers of the Ottawa, they were not dependent upon
the small revenue derived from the cultivation of the land, but had
other resources which afforded them much greater remuneration. The
British Navy, which hitherto had been dependent upon Russia for its
cordage and lumber, had to look elsewhere for its supply of hemp and
timber, owing to the ports of the Baltic having been closed to British
ships. The price of hemp having risen from £25 to £118 per ton, they
undertook the cultivation of it, and raised over three-fourths of the
amount raised in Lower Canada at that time. The exportation of lumber
and vegetable alkali, or potash, were also great sources of revenue. In
the new clearances were tons of wood ashes from which the lye was
extracted and boiled till it looked like molten iron, a barrel of which
sold at that time for thirty dollars. Prosperity and success crowned
every commercial enterprise upon which they ventured until fire swept
every mill, factory and dwelling in the thriving little village out of
existence, including thousands of dollars in cash in a small safe in the
office, quantities of wheat, hemp, sawn lumber, laths and general
merchandise. As there was no compensation in the way of insurance, the
loss was much felt. Philemon Wright was not the man to be deterred from
climbing the ladder of success, even though he had to mount it by the
rungs of adverse circumstances. Though the loss sustained was great,
almost overwhelming, he rose above it with a courage which yielded not
to disappointment or failure. The cause of the fire long remained a
mystery. That it was the work of an incendiary was beyond question.
Various theories were advocated by the settlers, but suspicion rested
upon Machecawa, who, it was alleged, had been seen by the bookkeeper at a
late hour lingering about the mills, a suspicion which gained no
credence with the Chief and his
family.阳系的周围还包裹着一个庞大的“奥尔特云”。星云内分布着不计其数的冰块、雪团和碎石。其中的某些会受太阳引力影响飞入内太阳系,这就是彗
[76] 在超新星爆发的过程中所释放的能量,需要我们的太阳燃烧900亿年才能与之相当。[77]
超新星研究有着关乎人类自身命运的深层意义。如果一颗超新星爆发的位置非常接近地球,目前国际天文学界普遍认为此距离在100光年以内,它就能够对地球的生物圈产生明显的影响,这样的超新星被称为近地超新星。有研究认为,在地球历史上的奥陶纪大灭绝,就是一颗近地超新星引起的,这次灭绝导致当时地球近60%的海洋生物消失。[78]
克莱因瓶是一个不可定向的二维紧流形,而球面或轮胎面是可
克莱因瓶 克莱因瓶
定向的二维紧流形。如果观察克莱因瓶,有一点似乎令人困惑--克莱因瓶的瓶颈和瓶身是相交的,换句话近代科学兴起的先驱者、是捍卫科学真理并为此献身的殉道士。有另一种说法认为,近代以来关于罗马梵蒂冈的地心说和哥白尼的日心说的斗争是被严重夸大的。布鲁诺1600年遭受火刑的原因,并非因知行星围绕太阳作圆周运动。然而,人们是否能接受哥白尼提出的新的宇宙模式呢?全世界的人——尤其是权力极大的天主教会是否相信太阳是宇宙中心这一说法呢?由于害怕教会的惩罚,哥白尼在世时不敢公开他的发现。1543年,这一发现才公诸天下。即使在那个时候,哥白尼的发现还不断受到教会高无上的真理,凡是违背圣经的学说,Eighteen
months passed. The Chief was in Quebec with Hannah and Abbie awaiting
the arrival of Rug, who had been sent by his father to the Mother Land
to dispose of two cargoes of timber. It was an unusually cold evening in
June. Snow had been falling all day. The neighboring hills were covered
with large feathery crystals, which, however, soon melted as the sun
appeared for a moment before sinking behind the gray walls of the Castle
St. Louis. Just as the evening gun was fired, news had reached the
union Hotel that a vessel had been sighted near the Island of Orleans.
It was ascertained that it was the Dorris, in command of Captain French,
and that Rug was on board. They were soon speeding down Mountain Street
in a caleche to the docks, where they secured passage in a small
row-boat which was going out to the vessel. The genial captain invited
them to take tea with him, and said that Rug was below supervising and
arranging with the Customs Officer about the baggage of his numerous
protégés, and would be on deck shortly. Hannah burst into a paroxysm of
tears when she caught sight of her long-lost lover, who had been
compelled to leave only a few weeks after their marriage. He looked
twenty years older, and appeared careworn, haggard and ill. As they were
seated round the table he gave an account of his travels. "When I
received your letter," he said, addressing his father, "I chartered two
vessels and persuaded Archie and Jonathan Campbell to go with me for a
pleasure trip. We were nearly three months tossing about at the mercy of
wind and wave when a hurricane swept the deck of the vessel, carrying
with it the main-mast and sails. Water began to pour in at an alarming
rate, and after a desperate struggle at the pumps the captain ordered
all hands on deck. We felt that we had to prepare for the worst. The
sailors had abandoned the pumps from exhaustion, and Jonathan and I took
their places and worked until we, too, were exhausted, and as others
took our places we retired to the stern, where we found Archie in a
sheltered nook, seated upon a coil of rope, playing his violin,
apparently oblivious of our perilous condition. "For two days the work
at the pumps was a matter of life and death, and when at last the wind
subsided we drifted about helplessly until a passing vessel saw our
signals of distress and towed us from the Bay of Biscay to Bristol,
where the necessary repairs were made to enable us to proceed to
Liverpool. We soon disposed of the timber at good profit, and Jonathan,
Archie and I took the stage-coach for London, where we had the honor of
being presented at Court to gay Prince Geordie, who is acting as Regent,
owing to his father's mental derangement. I wish you could have seen
the Carleton House," he said, turning to Hannah. "He built it at a cost
of £250,000 sterling, and had to sell his stud of race-horses and
discharge most of his servants to meet the demands of the creditors, for
he had led such a wild, dissipated life that the King and Parliament
refused for a long time to help him out of his difficulties. "We visited
many places of interest in London and 保护自然, 珠峰之殇 中国的一道“禁令”,
让美联社、卫报、每日邮报争相报道。外网轰动一时, 国内却沉默无声:珠穆朗玛峰封山清理, 每年只允许300人于春季攀登。任何单位和个人,
不得进入绒布寺以上核心区域旅游。珠峰封山本是常事, 为何全世界都争相报道?每个中国人都骄傲, 我们的西藏有顶好的风光:山鹰当空盘旋,
天是纯粹的蓝, 雪山是圣洁的白。但是诸多伪文青, 看了《冈仁波齐》, 就激动不已急着去朝圣。读了仓央嘉措, 就要来一场说走就走的旅行。结果在这片心灵净土, 留下了一地避孕套!——别误会,那是套在鞋上, 防止雨雪水渗进鞋里的。诸多假驴友, 为了去圣地打卡,
在318国道川藏线上 拍下自己竖起大拇指吃泡面的样子, 相机一关,就把泡面盒 扔到了路边草地上!更有国内外无数登山爱好者,
带着熊熊的征服欲前来。无论成功或失败, 都会在雪山上留下, 帐篷、氧气管、塑料袋等一山的垃圾!连牦牛都在垃圾堆里觅食。可是该为珠峰环境破坏买单的, 明明是人类。每年的4月到6月, 10万人蜂拥至珠峰大本营观光。几百支登山队伍爬在珠峰上。这里的环境无法建造厕所, 每个人都像原始人一样随地排泄。每年人潮退去后, 会留下整整12吨屎。1953年, 第一个人类征服了珠峰。之后的56年里, 4000位攀登者齐心协力, 留下了45000公斤垃圾, 和200多具尸体。“去了珠峰才知道,这里的路标是尸体”
你不知道这句话有多悲伤。珠峰路标,名为“绿靴子”的尸体
这些垃圾,珠峰脆弱的生态自然无法分解。只能由当地的村民,一步一步爬上山,一筐一筐背下来,倒进坑道后慢慢脱水。分解它们需要长达数年的时间。搬运不了的垃圾, 只能就地焚烧。原本氧气就稀薄, 高原的空气也被污染。珠峰的垃圾、粪便和尸体, 早已污染了山脚下的水源。
藏民老人不得不背着背篓, 一路弯腰捡垃圾, 步履蹒跚,严寒缺氧。但是不捡, 水就脏了,空气就浑浊了。除了豁出性命保护自己的家园,
他们别无他法。不止是高原。亚洲水源大量依赖冰川溶解, 喜马拉雅就是“亚洲水塔”。一旦珠峰被污染, 不安全水源会波及到的人, 足足有十亿!雪崩时, 没有一片雪花是无辜的。造孽时, 他们本以为事不关己。2018年, 尼泊尔制作了一部, 9.0分的纪录片:《珠峰清道夫》。画面无比粗糙, 却看哭了亿万人。它记录了一次清理珠峰的志愿活动, 20位志愿者, 每个人, 都做好了死的准备。珠峰海拔8000米以上的地带,
被称作“死亡地带”。没有当地的夏尔巴人当向导, 很少有人能活着下山。这次的志愿者里, 有11位夏尔巴村民。但是要完成一个月清理9万斤垃圾
外带一具尸体的任务, 小队不得不争分夺秒。越赶时间,缺氧头痛就越重。普通人登顶珠峰一次, 就要炫耀一辈子。这支志愿队伍,
为了让身体适应山顶的气候, 要反复登顶、下山数次。每登一次山, 都要掉10斤体重。为了避开高温导致的融冰, 在零下40度的凌晨2点,
志愿者们正式开始捡垃圾。一想到营地外的一地尸体, 他们也吓得迈不开腿, 却还是硬着头皮去完成自己的使命。冒着大风雪,
把自己挂在一根绳子上缓慢挪动。你能想象, 人在65度的斜坡上吃饭睡觉吗?一旦滑倒,必死无疑。他们却要这样生存29天:我不管是谁扔的垃圾,
让村子喝上干净的水, 是我们的责任。 外界一直流传着这样的风凉话:夏尔巴人登山很厉害,能轻易把垃圾运下来,就算乱丢他们也会清理……
其实,夏尔巴人的每一次登山,都是搭上性命的赌博。他们中很多人没有手指脚趾,那是冻伤截肢了。凭什么你有征服自然的私心,买单的却是无辜村民的性命?他们一遍遍呼喊着:珠峰是我们的女神,我们的母亲,能不能,别再污染她…… 但是,雄心勃勃的登山者们听不见。离顶峰只有咫尺之遥时,许多登山者不得不牺牲人性来换取生存。在这里,氧气瓶被偷是常事。在呼吸艰难、随时会失去意识的高海拔地带,人们能坚持住呼吸就已不易。更别说顾着环保。在珠峰面前,人们的素质高下立现。有些地方,人类就不该去!你可以挑战生命的极限, 可以冲刺人生的新巅峰。但是你也必须知道, 那些你在极限情况下无力带走的垃圾, 会成为珠峰,和珠峰脚下村民的噩梦。你是得到了朋友圈的一百个赞, 却不知替你负重前行的人, 付出了怎样的代价。那些在藏地乱扔垃圾的人, 请别自作多情了!凭什么你一手污染了藏地,
还让藏地净化你的心灵?西藏根本没在等你, 你若不去,才是西藏的福气。曾经的圣地, 部分地区成了垃圾场。如果不得不去,也请你牢记:除了照片,什么都别拿;除了时间,什么都别偷;除了脚印,什么都别留。乱扔垃圾的人, 你就算登顶一万次, 也改变不了自己的平庸。保护雪山的人, 你们basket of eggs, which he disposed of at a shilling per dozen,
and so we continued on until the domes and towers of Quebec came in
sight and I began to realize the inexpressible joy of being at home once
more."* * Diary of Rev. Robert Bell and letters of R. Wright. Rug was a
young man of great executive ability, a young man whose word could be
relied upon with absolute certainty, a young man who proved himself the
very soul of honor in all his business
transactions.都被斥为“异端邪说”,凡是反对神权统治的人,都被处以火刑。新兴的资产阶级为自己的生存和发展,掀起了一场反对封建制度和教会迷信思想的斗争,出现了人文主义的思潮。他们使用的战斗武器,就是未被神学染污的古希腊的哲学、科学和文艺。这就是震撼欧洲的文艺复兴运动。文艺复兴首先发生于意大利,很快就扩大到波兰及欧洲其他国家。与此同时,商业的活跃也促进了对外贸易的发展。在“黄金”这个符咒的驱使下,许多欧洲冒险者远航非洲、印度及整个远东地区。远洋航行需要丰富的天文和地理知识,从实际中积累起来的观测资料,使人们感到当时流行的“地静天动”的宇宙
CHAPTER IV. AN INDIAN SUITOR. 1803. Machecawa and his friend
O'Jawescawa became frequent visitors at the Wigwam. They would come in
the morning, uninvited, and sit silently all day long before the open
fire and observe all that was going on. The spinning-wheel and hand-loom
were objects of unceasing interest to them, and though it proved a
great distraction to the children in their studies, and to the girls in
the performance of their domestic duties, to have them there, they were
always treated not only with respect but with consideration and
kindness. One morning Machecawa stood gazing intently into the fire. His
face wore an expression of perplexity. At length he turned to the White
Chief, who was explaining a mathematical problem to one of his boys,
and said: "Big Injun, he want to speak his thoughts from books. He want
to know white man's Manitou." "May I teach him, father? Just for an hour
every day?" said Chrissy, a tall, fair, thoughtful girl of seventeen,
who was known throughout the settlement as the "Saint," for she had been
led to take a serious view of life by a Quaker friend in the old school
at Woburn. "It would be such a pleasure for me to lead him to a
knowledge of the truth." The father readily granted the request, and it
was arranged that he should receive instruction from Chrissy every
morning while the younger boys were having their lessons. Never had
teacher a more apt, humble, or willing pupil. Never had pupil a more
considerate, patient, kind-hearted instructor. Over and over again did
she repeat words and sentences until at last the Indian found, to his
unspeakable joy, that he was beginning to acquire the words pretty
freely. The morning hour with Machecawa proved of such interest that it
was not an uncommon thing to see the White Chief and all the children
listening intently to Chrissy and the Indian as they compared their
respective creeds. One morning, after she had been giving an account of
the creation and the deluge, she said, "Now, tell me what you think of
these things. Do the Indians ever think of how the world was made? Did
they ever hear of a flood?" Machecawa replied in broken English, the
interpretation of which is as follows: The Indian believes that the
great Manabozo is king of all other animal kings. The West Wind is his
father, and his mother is grand-daughter of the Moon. Sometimes he is a
wolf; sometimes a hare; sometimes he is a wicked spirit. Manabozo was
hunting with his brother, a wolf, who fell through the ice in a lake and
was eaten by snakes. Manabozo was very cross and changed himself into
the stump of a tree and surprised the king of the serpents and killed
him. The snakes were all Manitous, and they made the water flood the
world. Manabozo climbed a tree which grew and grew as the flood came up
and was saved from the wicked spirits. Manabozo looked over the waters
and he saw a loon, and he cried to the loon for help to save the world.
The loon went under the water to look for mud to build the world again,
but he could not find the bottom. Then a muskrat tried, but he came up
on his back nearly dead. Manabozo looked in his paws and found a little
mud, and he took the mud and the dead body of the loon and with it
created the world anew again. "And do you believe that?" said the White
Chief. "Our tribe she believe like that," replied the Indian. "What is
that thing tied round your neck, Machecawa?" said Bearie, the second
son, a short, well knit, sturdy-looking youth of eighteen, whose every
expression reflected a bright, happy, generous di
一个真正有阅历的人,经历足够多的人,发现身边可以责怪的人越来越少,因为懂得,人人都有他的难处。一个朋友最近刚从从老家重新杀回广州。前段时间他妈妈病了,动了一次大手术。他回了一趟家,又回来了。回到广州后,他整个人都变了,变得和颜悦色,温柔平和。以前,他总非常鄙视那些从北上广背着包回家去的人。按照他的标准,那都是没能力在这座城市生存下去所以被抛弃的人,都是弱者、失败者。不管是出于什么原因,离开自己奋斗的地方,就是撤退,而撤退就是宣告自己无能。他的价值观也很硬,认为世界非黑即白,用成功和失败作为衡量人生的唯一价值尺度,认为成功者就应该站在领奖台上,万众瞩目,接受鲜花掌声;认为失败者就应该躲到角落里,暗自啜泣,接受自己和他人的责骂。他这次重回广州,话风完全不一样,不再那么充满鸡血,开始包容,对手下的人也没那么苛刻,不再要求他们一味地加班,甚至劝告他们多花些时间在家人和朋友身上。
而对于那些准备从北上广撤退回家当公务员的朋友,他也不像以前,跳起来指着人家鼻子骂你个怂货,这么容易就认输了。他很真诚地跟别人说:“想清楚了吧,想清楚了就决定,每个人都有每个人的难处,毕竟只有你自己知道,什么才是最重要的。”
他说:“我现在越来越能理解我身边的人,理解他们的处境和选择。” 这一切改变源自一年前,他得到消息说母亲病了,而且非常严重,需要尽快手术。他匆匆请假回家陪着妈妈,他原本以为只要请几天假陪妈度过手术这段时间就可以回广州工作了,但是手术术后恢复周期实在太长,而且他看到他妈妈躺在病床上,实在不忍心一个人跑回广州去谈所谓的奋斗和成功。于是他心一横,辞职了,空档了将近一年,专门陪着他妈妈做手术、住院、出院,陪着在家唠嗑,出去旅游。在这一年里,他还遇到了很多之前在北上广打拼的朋友,了解他们在老家的生活,也知道了他们为什么最终选择了回家。他想明白了很多事情。他说:“以前我妈妈没病的时候,我不懂那些回家照顾父母的人,我觉得他们是找借口,是失败,如果有钱,干嘛不找个保姆照顾呢?现在发现,父母真的是需要自己去照顾。”
“而且我最近也在思考,父母、家庭、事业,究竟什么才是最重要的,不同的人选择不同,会有不同的人生,而这些选择,其实都应该是没有失败的。人,其实只有经历以后,才会懂得。”
人生的确即是如此,只有真正经历过很多事情之后,我们才会站在更高的维度去看待这个世界,而不是很单纯地用自己私人的视角去苛责别人,去评判世界。同样的情况,也常常发生在我们对父母的理解上。最近,看到一位母亲写的文章,她说:“以前妈妈总是让我做这做那,让我注意这个注意那个,那个时候我总是很不耐烦,觉得她啰嗦,总是责怪她。现在自己当了妈,才知道她当时的处境、想法。就像我妈经常说的,孩子,等你当了妈你就知道了。”
是的,年轻时,我们总是觉得与父母隔阂甚重。觉得他们思想陈旧,观念老套,跟不上新的时代,难以与他们沟通。甚至,我们还会觉得他们反倒成了成长路上的拦路虎。那个时候,不太懂得家这个概念,只想着自己,想着未来,想着长大。后来,自己求学工作,结婚生子,把当年父母经历的那些阶段和事情都重新经历了一遍,这才慢慢长大,有所感悟。当你成家了以后,你就会发现,需要考虑的事情,考虑的问题很多,家庭收入、家人健康、孩子成长、孩子教育等等,你就会开始懂得当初父母的那些话,做的那些事。也许你现在正在喋喋不休责怪你的父母;也许你现在正在责怪身边的朋友同事,责怪他们为什么不能坚持,为什么放弃,为什么做出这样的选择,等等。但是等你经历了一些事情之后,你终究会明白他们。你也会懂得,生活,其实没有一个简单的标准,任何用成败来评判他人的人,都很简单粗暴,也非常幼稚。一个真正成熟的人,一个真正有所经历的人,会发现身边可以责怪的人越来越少,因为他越来越明白,人人都有他的难处,所以越来越能理解别人。sposition.
"She am my Manitou," replied the Indian. "What is a Manitou? Every
Indian you meet with seems to differ on the subject." "Some tam she am
wan ting, some tam she am anodder." "That is evading the question," said
Chrissy. "What kind of a Manitou have you got inside of that little bag
which is tied round your neck?" persisted Bearie. "Will you let me see
it?" "No! No!! No!!!" he said excitedly. "My Manitou she am not be
pleese." "Come, now, old man," he said. "Tell us all about it." "What is
it?" "How did you get it?" "What is it for?" "Waal," he said,
reluctantly, "When I am a boy, me, just become a man, my fadder, he say,
'Machecawa, tam you got a manitou.' My face he paint black, black. He
say, heem, 'you no eat no teeng seex days.' By em by I am dream some
teeng, me, dat some teeng she am my manitou. She help me kill beeg bear;
she mak dem Iroquois dogs run like one wild moose. My fadder she am
pleese; she make my manitou on my arm—see!" he said, rolling up his
sleeve. On his shoulder was the rude outline of a fish, which had been
tatooed with sharp bones and with the juice of berries rubbed in. "But
what is in the little bag?" asked Bearie. "Will you let me see it?"
After a good deal of reluctance he gave in at last, and two curious boys
untied the precious parcel, while the others, equally curious, looked
over his shoulders at a few old broken fish bones which were all the
little bag contained. "Well, old man," said Bearie, slowly replacing the
sacred relics, "we put our faith in something better than that. The
white man trusts the Great Spirit in heaven to care for him and to take
him to heaven when he dies." "Any bear in hebben?" asked the Indian.
"No," said Bearie, "only good people." "Dat hebben she am no good for
big Injun," said Machecawa, sadly. "De happy hunting ground she am full
of moose, buffalo, bear, beaver. She am far, far away at de end of land,
where de sun she sleep—two, tree moons away. One beeg dog she am cross,
an' she bark at dead Injun, but he go on, an' on, an' on, an' den he am
glad." It began to dawn upon the vigilant mother at length that it was
not so much the wonders of civilization nor the desire to "speak his
thoughts from books" that led Machecawa day after day to the Wigwam, as
an ever-increasing interest in her fun-loving daughter, Abbie, who was a
year younger than Chrissy, and who seemed unconscious of the fact that
the eyes of the red chief were ever upon
her.学说值得怀疑,这就要求人们进一步去探索宇宙的秘密,从而推进了天文学和地理学的发展。1492年,意大利著名的航海家哥伦布发现新大陆,麦哲伦和他的同伴绕地球一周,证明地球是圆形的,使人们开始真正认识地球。[4] 对他国的影响
在教会严密控制下的中世纪,也发生过轰轰烈烈的宗教革命。因为天主教的很多教义不符合圣经的教诲,而加入了太多教皇的个人意志以及各类神学家的自身成果,所以很多信徒开始质疑天主教的教义和组织,发起回归圣经的行动来。捷克的爱国主义者、布拉格大学校长扬·胡斯(1369~1415年)在君士坦丁堡的宗教会议上公开谴责德意志封建主与天主教会对捷克的压迫和剥削。他虽然被反动教会处以火刑,但他的革命活动在社会上引起了强烈的反应。捷克农民在胡斯党人的旗帜下举行起义,这次运动也波及波兰。1517年,在德国,马丁·路德(1483~1546年)反对教会贩卖赎罪符,与罗马教皇公开决裂。1521年,路德又在沃尔姆国会上揭露罗马教廷的罪恶,并提出建立基督教新教的主张。新教的教义得到许多国家的支持,波兰也深受影响。
记得马.云说过这样一句话:
“我人生最大的错误,
是创立了阿.里.巴.巴。”
北大还行撒贝宁,
一无所有王健林,
悔创阿里杰克马。
这三位的言行,简直是要气死人,
而就在刚刚,
比撒贝宁、王健林、马云,
更气人的“大佬”出现了。
初中毕业考试6门课,
考了5门100、1门99,
差1分就是(总成绩)满分。
初中刚考完就顺手拿下了高考,
北大、清华什么的都是顺手一填.....
而且成绩出来,
离北大清华和科大少年班的录取线,
也就差个一两分。
高中才念了一个月,
就和同学们说再见:
“我去读大学了,拜拜了您嘞。”
这位“大佬”一番豪言,
引来网友们一片“膜拜”之声。
这位“大佬”他究竟是谁?
他既不是大老板,也不是大明星,
而他的真实身份绝对可以,
令我们所有人都惊呼“服”!
他,就是杨伟
1963年5月,他出生于四川成都,
从小聪慧过人,
小学初中成绩门门皆优,
15岁初中毕业,就破格参加高考,
可他成绩虽然非常优异,
可却差点无缘就读。
因为在体检中查出,他是先天性色弱,
很多理工科专业读不了,
西北工业大学的招生老师,
遗憾地给飞机系打电话:
有个小孩成绩不错,但色弱没法录取。
而当时接电话的,
是钱学森的大弟子罗时钧教授,
罗教授当即说:
我本人就是色弱,到我这个班里来吧。
他因此十分幸运地进入西工大飞行系。
(罗时钧)
在飞行系,
他听说了太多中.国.航.空设.计总师宋文骢,研制战机歼-10的故事:
当年中.国.战机水平落后,
国.产歼-7、歼-8,
在国际上丝毫没有优势,
而歼-9由于技术落后终止研制,
中.国.研制先进战机迫在眉睫。
这时国外派专家来华,
时任航空总师的宋文骢虚心求教,
对方却十分轻蔑:
就凭你们也想造先进战机?
长年啃别人嚼过的馍,
只能永远当乞丐,宋文骢痛下决心:
中.国,一定得有自己的飞机!
1984年,
中国新型战机歼-10正式立项,
(歼-10也被称作“猛.龙”)
年过半百的宋文骢,
从此开始了研制歼-10的坎坷之路,
“不靠,不等,不要,
一定要让歼-10身上,
流淌中.国自己的血液!”
宋文骢的执着钻研深深影响了他,
从此他对空军.战.机充满了向往,
更燃起熊熊壮志。
(70年代歼击机模型图)
1985年底,才22岁的他,
攻下飞行力学全部课程,荣获硕士学位,
可他却放弃了分配好的工作,
执意进入歼-10的“摇篮”:
成都飞机设计研究所,
而这里,成为了他梦想启航的地方!
他是个“初生牛犊不怕虎”的小子,
刚来研究所,
就直奔“偶像”宋文骢的办公室,
自我介绍说:
“宋总,您好!我叫杨伟,
刚从西北工业大学获硕士学位毕业,
我希望……我要做你的助手!”
宋文骢愣了愣,1800多人的研究所,
直接向他“要”工作的,他还从没碰到过,
宋文骢和气地拍拍他肩膀:
“小伙子,还是先去研究室,
把基础打打牢。”
尽管没能如愿成为总师助手,
但他给宋文骢留下了深刻印象,
时不时就来研究室指点他。
而在研究室,他表现十分出色,
凭突出才华和十足干劲,
才来五个月,就被任命为研究组长,
就在这时,他接到一个艰巨任务,
直接参与歼-10关键技术
——数字式电传飞控系统的研制。
可这一领域技术难度相当大,
风险十分高,
美国研发时都遭遇过严重挫折,
西方国家又严密封锁,
因而这项技术在中国完全空白,
一位外国专家断言:“中.国.科技人员,
不可能过“电传操纵”这一关。”
还有人说:
“中.国.人研制飞机的水平,
还停留在小学阶段。”
各种各样的议论深深刺痛着他,
但更激起他奋斗的豪情!
他夜以继日埋头于厚厚的资料中研究,
为得到精确的数据分析,
连着好几个月都待在研究室,
吃方便面,睡沙发......
功夫不负苦心人,短短三年,
他就带领团队圆满完成既定任务,
一战成名,使中.国.的空军强国之路,
由此迈出了最坚实的第一步!
可万没想到,就因为太优秀,
他差点就不能继续研制战机。
1990年,
研究所面临一个大难题:经费捉襟见肘,
总师宋文骢因为家里经济困窘,
下班摆摊卖面条。
为维持研究所运转,
他被派到民用项目中赚取利润,
而在第一个合作项目,他就赚到几百万,
震撼了全年奖金只有一百万的研究所,
可歼-10的研制还未成功,
上级十分纠结:
杨伟是继续在民用项目中赚大钱,
还是彻底回到军.工.项目中来?
当时很多人认为,
他应继续在民用项目中创造效益,
但宋文骢坚信:
杨伟是军.工.行业里难得的奇才,
极力把他从民用项目中拉了回来。
可他回来才几个月,
却又一次险些离开军.工行业,
因为研究所要开辟新领域,
他手下骨干都被调走,
就剩他一个“光杆司令”,
他决定出国深造,
而宋文骢知道后温和地对他说:
“别走了。”
只是三个字,却饱含深情,
这是一个长者对一个年轻人的爱惜;
是一个毕生致力于航空事业的前辈,
对一个执著追随者的欣赏;
是一个领导对一个下属的期望。
在宋文骢真挚的目光里,他全都读懂了,
于是,已经拿到护照的他留了下来,
他说:“对我来说,
宋总是我的‘引路者’,是我的恩师,
没有他,就没有我的今天。”
而没有他当时对出国的放弃,
就没有今天歼-10的研制成功,
更没有今天中.国.空.军的强盛!
宋文骢一心要把他培养成,
中.国.战.机未来掌舵人,
甚至直接找到中航工业提出:
杨伟就是我的接班人。
当上级同意此事后,
研究所120多家参研单位,
每到一个单位,每见到一位领导,
宋文骢都拉着他自豪地介绍:
“这是杨伟,他以后要接我的班的啊!”
1997年,他正式升任,
任成都飞机设计研究所总.设.计.师,
开始全面主持我国歼-10的研制工作,
而他只有35岁,
是当时中国最年轻的飞控系统总设计师!
肩负恩师厚望,更肩负中国希望的他,
不但让歼-10成功展翼,
更开启了中国空军傲气长空的全新征途!
他破解了一个又一个技术难题,
在无任何经验借鉴的情况下,
他还建立了一个具有国际先进水平的,
可移动飞控试验室:铁鸟试验台;
他成功开发出歼-10监测系统,
为中国节省近300万美元的经费;
他还破解了如何满足电传飞控系统,
在真实飞机上进行综合试验的难题。
短短一年时间,
他竟完成了国际上三年的工作量,
创造了世界电传飞控系统的奇迹。
他不但攻克一道道技术难关,
更寸步不离的守在在研制现场。
试验风洞现场寒气逼人,
大热天都要穿厚厚棉袄,
而为得到精确的数据分析,
上万次风洞实验,他从未缺席过,
后他还为了能随时关注研制进程,
竟然住进了安装试验风洞的山洞里……
就这样拼命干到1998年3月,
在他的带领下,
中.国第三代歼击机歼-10,
终于成功完成了!
这一切,
都是靠中.国.人自己的能力实现的!
1998年3月23日,歼-10首飞,
无数人翘首以盼这一天,
首席试飞员雷强写好遗书,
他和恩师宋文骢,
一起目送歼-10飞上蓝天......
等到飞机平稳落地的一刹那,
试飞员下来竖起大拇指:
“飞控系统表现很好,
飞行品质均为一级!”
大家和试飞员紧紧地拥抱,热泪盈眶,
在一片欢呼声里,他悄悄走到一边,
眼泪在眼眶里转了几圈,
终于忍不住喜极而泣。
中.国.第三代.战.机歼-10的研制,
是一条前人没有走过的路,
自1986年起到首飞成功,
承载了两代人的青春与智慧,
此时宋文骢已经白发苍苍,
而他也从小年轻成了中年人,
不到四十岁,两鬓就早有星星白发。
丹心铸剑,锲而不舍整整18年,
他让中.国.战.机雄踞蓝天傲视.国.际,
但他的赫赫功绩何止在一架.战.机上,
中.国.的航空梦想,
都被他一个个实现了!
2001年,他先后被任命为“枭.龙”、
歼-10系列和歼-20的总设计师,
而“枭.龙”飞机和歼-10双座飞机,
两项研制任务,
同时在成都飞机设计研究所展开,
紧迫的时间给他十分沉重的压力。
“枭.龙”是中.国.首次与巴.基.斯.坦合作,
采取“共同投资,共同开发,
共担风险,共享利益”的原则研制,
研制计划要求“枭.龙”必须2003年首飞,
这是国.际.承诺;
而国.家.歼-10战斗机双座型的研制,
以及首飞,也要在2003年实现决胜,
这是庄严使命。
两个型号的研制节点几乎重叠,
形势异常严峻,
研究所面临着前所未有的挑战,
而他毅然决然带领团队迎难而上:
我们一定能够完成任务!
接下来研究所争分夺秒,
一周工作六天,每天工作11个小时,
很多同事都几天几夜没好好休息,
而身为总设计师的他,
经常熬到夜里两三点钟。
一次研究大会上,
结构室主任说:“大家简直是在拼命啊!”
而他动情地说:“我已不忍心再说什么,
作为总设计师,我只能拜托大家,
再鼓一把劲,再咬咬牙,再撑一撑,
一定要拿下这两个任务!”
艰辛奋战终于换来累累硕果,
短短九个月,
歼10双座飞机就设计定型,
并在2003年年初如期实现首飞;
2003年8月25日,“枭.龙”也成功实现首飞,
仅用23个月,
两个看似“不可能完成的任务”圆满完成,
他再次创造了奇迹!
“枭.龙”更成为中.国.空.军的骄傲,
2007年、2008年,“枭.龙”两次,
参加巴.基.斯.坦的国.庆.阅.兵典礼,
巴方盛赞:这是中.巴.友谊的一座里程碑。
之后为强大祖.国.国.防,
维护祖.国.和平统一,
他不断为中.国.研制更多更先进的战.机,
“航.空.报.国”,是他的追求。
研制完成“枭.龙”战机的他,
把目光放在研制“第五代”隐形战机上,
当时西.方.国.家已拥有隐形战机,
而中.国还没有这种研制能力,
美国防长盖茨尖锐地说:
“2020年前,
中.国不可能拥有第五代战机。”
而第.五代.战机的核.心.技术,
被西方国家严防死守,
中.国要得到一点点信息,
简直比登天还难,
重重压力下,他果断决定,
马上开启新型隐形战机歼-20的研制,
“这就是块铁,我也要硬啃下来!”
在他的带领下,
设计团队没日没夜设计研究,
他更是一头扎在图纸、程序、
试验、报告、方案中,
在空白一片的领域里,
他硬生生攻克了一道道技术难关。
更为厉害的是,
他大胆采用复杂程度前所未有的,
多涡系耦合技术,
因为“万能”的涡流是把双刃剑,
可以减小阻力,增加航程,提高升力,
但同时也可能导致机毁人亡,
而他凭借自己的智慧与能力,趋利避害,
硬是将这项技术完美运用。
终于在2011年,
他交出一份震惊世界的答卷,
歼-20实现既定的四大目标:
打造跨代型机,引领技术发展,
创新研发体系,建设卓越团队。
2011年1月11日,
时任美.国.国.防.部长罗伯特·盖茨访.华.期间,
歼-20以首次试飞仪式欢迎,
看着空中翱翔翻飞的战机,
罗伯特·盖茨惊的眼珠子都快掉下来了。
(罗伯特·盖茨)
2016年11月1日,2架歼-20组成的编队,
在第11届珠海航展开幕式上公开亮相,
引发全.球.轰动。
外观漂亮,头部、机身呈菱形,
垂直尾翼向外倾斜,
机身以高亮银灰色涂装;
技术先进,采用单座、双发、
全动双垂尾、DSI鼓包进气道、
上反鸭翼带尖拱边条的鸭式气动布局;
武.器.威.慑.国.际,
配备中.国.国内,
最先进的新型空.对.空.导.弹;
美.国专家啧啧称叹:
歼-20的总设计师就是一位真正的天才。
一位波音的工程师难以置信道:
疯了,歼-20团队简直就是一群“疯子”。
歼-20也深受,
中.国和各国军迷、网友的喜爱,
给它起了很多富有内涵的小名,
包括“威龙”、“黑丝带”、“银河战舰”等,
而他也被网友荣称为“拼命三郎”,
世人惊叹于中.国.力量,
而他却说:
歼-20只是走向“中.国.制造2025”途中,
所完成的一个小目标。
可见他的胸中抱负何等远大!
在他引领下,2017年4月27日,
“枭.龙”双座战.斗.教练机,
01架在成都成功首飞;
9月28日,中.国.国.防.部证实,
歼-20战机已列装部队。
中.国成为世界上第二个,
装备先进隐身战.斗机的国.家!
2018年1月1日,
央视播出了一个特别节目,
《写给2035年的信》,
他给2035年的歼-20,
写下了这样一封信:
出生时,你是西南一隅的电光石火,
喜悦在这头,质疑在那头。
长大后,你是珠海航展的惊鸿一瞥,
自豪在这头,振奋在那头。
后来啊,你是祖国海天的坚强卫士,
担当在这头,威慑在那头。
而现在,你是战鹰家族的不老传说,
引领在这头,希冀在那头。
他说:在2035年,
能立最大功的就是歼-20飞机,
未来的歼-20飞机潜力无穷,
不仅能上航.母,
还可以改成其他用途的机型。
我们还会继续向前发展,
只要国家需要我们就做什么。
那么下一代战机到底什么样?
他豪情万丈说道:
”下一代战机一定是机械化、
信息化、智能化的集合体,
而我的梦想就是,
未来战机标准由中.国来定!”
2018年4月16日,
随着中国空军第四代战机歼-10C,
开始担负战斗值班任务,
中.国的空军武装力量更加强大,
中.华.民族距离伟大复兴又近了一步!
2019年,歼-20战机,
列阵人民空军‘王牌部队!
歼20的服役,
改变了中国航空业发展史,
中.国由此成为继美.国之后,
第2个装备本国产第五代战.斗.机的国.家!
2020年,新.冠.疫.情,
杨伟和众多航天人,
又以无比热烈的热血情怀,
为祖国奉献一份力量。
他们用制造歼-10、歼-20飞机的技术,
设计完成全自.动.口.罩.生.产.机!
他们拿出了设计战机的火箭速度,
3天设计完成图纸,
16天设计完成首.台.口.罩.样.机。
这样的.口.罩.生.产.机,
一个工人可以操控多台,
每台1分钟能产100只,
大大提高了中国.口.罩.生.产.能力!
他,心怀无尽报国之志,
投身航空事业30余载,
终成“国之利剑”。
可他的脚步仍没有停下,
现在他正带队冲击,
世界更先进战斗机的最高峰!
军强才有国.安,国.安才有乐居,
现在不是远离战争,
而是因为千千万万和他一样的奉献者,
使中国拥有保卫家园的强大军事力量。
没有他们,何来中.国.航.空尊严?
没有他们,何来中.国.领.空完整?
空军卫士杨伟,
绝对是一位令人真正叹服的大佬,
他值得我们所有人的致敬和点赞!
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